02.05.2025.
A new study suggests that phthalates — chemicals commonly found in plastics, food packaging, toys, and personal care products — may affect brain development in unborn babies.
Researchers in the U.S. studied over 200 pregnant women and their babies. They discovered that exposure to phthalates during pregnancy was linked to lower levels of important substances in the baby’s blood, including amino acids and neurotransmitters needed for brain growth, mood balance, and stress response.
Babies with higher phthalate exposure scored lower on early tests measuring attention and reactivity.
Phthalates have been around since the 1920s and are often called “everywhere chemicals” because they’re so common in daily life. They’re used in soft plastics (like shower curtains, vinyl flooring, and food containers) and in products like deodorants, shampoos, perfumes, and lotions.
Scientists already know that phthalates can disrupt hormones and have been linked to issues like premature birth, lower testosterone, asthma, and obesity.
This study adds new evidence that they may also interfere with how babies’ brains develop in the womb.
The researchers focused on a group of African American mothers in Atlanta and used a method called metabolomics to measure how the chemicals affected the babies’ biological systems.
Experts say that while this study had a small sample size, it highlights an urgent need for stronger regulations on the use of phthalates.
Some scientists are calling for a ban on all phthalates because of their harmful effects, even at low doses.
What can you do to reduce exposure?
- Use glass, stainless steel, or cast iron instead of plastic.
- Avoid microwaving or dishwashing plastic containers.
- Choose personal care products labeled “phthalate-free.”
- Watch for chemical names like DEP, DBP, and BBzP.
- Improve home ventilation and clean dust with a damp cloth.
Study limitations
It’s important to note that the study had a relatively small number of participants, which limits how broadly the findings can be applied.
Also, the researchers couldn’t account for other factors that may affect pregnancy outcomes, such as lifestyle, diet and psychological or social stress.
