New research shows that following a Mediterranean-style diet may lower the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline, even in people with a genetic predisposition to Alzheimer’s disease.
Dementia is influenced by a combination of lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors.
One of the strongest genetic risks comes from the APOE4 gene variant, which can triple or even multiply twelvefold the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s, depending on whether someone has one or two copies.
However, over a 30-year study tracking more than 5,600 participants, researchers found that those who regularly consumed a Mediterranean diet, rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, whole grains, and low in red and processed meats, were less likely to develop dementia and showed slower cognitive decline.
The study also explored how diet interacts with genetics and metabolic processes, showing that eating nutrient-rich, plant-forward foods may help protect brain health even in individuals carrying high-risk genes.
With roughly a quarter of people carrying one copy of the APOE4 gene and 2–3% carrying two copies, dietary choices could play a crucial role in reducing dementia risk for a significant portion of the population.
The findings add to growing evidence that a balanced, Mediterranean-style diet is one of the most effective strategies for supporting long-term cognitive health.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. If you have concerns about your diet or brain health, consult a qualified healthcare professional.
01.08.2025.
SOURCE
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03891-5 Photo: Freepik
